Survey of researchers and the public on attitudes toward BRAIN–AI convergence

The BRAIN-AI initiative, a fusion of artificial intelligence and neuroscience research by the JST ERATO Ikegaya Brain-AI Fusion Project, has the potential to break through existing limitations on brain activity and expand human capabilities. Meanwhile, during the BRAIN-AI initiative, experts are expected to examine problems on ethical, legal, and social aspects, that must be discussed. These problems include the information handling in the human brain itself (the most private information available), the potential for increased inequality due to future technologies that enhance human capabilities, and philosophical issues surrounding identities such as who is responsible for decisions made by a brain–computer interface (BCI).